AAM & eVTOL Detect & Avoid Network Optimization North Carolina Department of Transportation

NCDOT Advanced Air Mobility Regional Network

Leading the use-case development plan for NCDOT's Project 3, Safe and Reliable eVTOL Operations for Regional Air Mobility. The plan unifies tactical detect-and-avoid safety, full-year battery and energy feasibility, and strategic cargo hub-location optimization into a single, jointly demonstrable simulation framework for a Charlotte-Piedmont regional eVTOL cargo network.

North Carolina candidate vertiport network Simplified outline of North Carolina showing the eight candidate vertiport locations and representative air-cargo routes used in the NCDOT simulation plan, with the CLT to AKH tactical corridor highlighted. GSO RDU AVL FAY EWN ILM CLT AKH
3Integrated Layers
16 WeeksDelivery Horizon
1,825Missions Per Year
8Candidate Vertiports

Project Summary

This NCDOT use case defines a single demonstration stack spanning three layers: safe detect-and-avoid flight for a stopped-rotor eVTOL cargo aircraft (Wisk Gen 6, up to 408 kg / 900 lb payload), full-year battery-health and charging-demand simulation across North Carolina's primary air-cargo corridors, and demand-driven hub-location and flow-allocation optimization for a statewide vertiport network centered on Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT) airspace, one of the densest low-altitude corridors in the state.

The integration is sequential and cumulative: the network-optimization model selects candidate vertiports and air links, the energy and battery model evaluates whether that network is feasible across a full year of operations, and the detect-and-avoid model validates that individual flights within the network can be executed safely in congested airspace.

Integrated Demonstration Scope

Tactical Layer

A single CLT to Gastonia Municipal Airport (AKH) flight, approximately 10 nautical miles, must detect and avoid a conflicting intruder aircraft in CLT's congested Class B airspace while flying an energy-risk-aware trajectory that minimizes the added cost of any avoidance maneuver.

Operational Layer

The same aircraft type flies a recurring cargo schedule, five missions per day across a full 365-day year, over six representative North Carolina range classes, with battery state-of-health degradation and charging-energy demand tracked across the entire service horizon.

Strategic Layer

A mixed-integer hub-location and flow-allocation model determines which vertiports open, which air links activate, and how cargo flows are allocated across the candidate network, subject to aircraft range, charging-capacity, and infrastructure-budget constraints.

Shared Route Reference Data

A shared reference table keeps all three simulations comparable, so results feed directly from one layer into the next without re-deriving assumptions.

Range classes and representative North Carolina routes
Range Class Representative Route Primary Use
50 nmiRDU – FAYEnergy & battery baseline
60 nmiGSO – RDUEnergy & battery baseline
70 nmiGSO – CLTBaseline; candidate strategic air link
80 nmiAVL – CLTBaseline; candidate strategic air link
90 nmiEWN – FAYEnergy & battery baseline
100 nmiRDU – EWN / RDU – ILMUpper-range stress case
~10 nmiCLT – AKHTactical detect-and-avoid demonstration

16-Week Delivery Timeline

Weeks 1-4

Simulation-environment and aircraft-dynamics model setup, battery-model calibration, and candidate-node data assembly for the North Carolina network formulation.

Weeks 5-8

Detect-and-avoid conflict logic, mission-scheduler implementation, and first fixed-capacity hub-location model runs.

Weeks 9-12

Energy-risk-aware trajectory optimization, charging-policy sensitivity studies, and scenario sweeps across demand, range, and charging-capacity assumptions.

Weeks 13-16

Final integrated demonstration: network-selection map, annual battery state-of-health and energy dashboard, and tactical CLT–AKH safety validation of the selected air links.

Joint Milestones

Week 4, shared aircraft power-consumption model finalized. Week 8, preliminary range and energy-feasibility figures handed off to the network model. Week 12, candidate air links shared back for tactical validation. Week 16, full-stack joint demonstration.

Final Deliverables

A reusable detect-and-avoid and trajectory-optimization module, a full year of battery and charging-demand simulation results, and a vertiport network recommendation with accompanying sensitivity analysis.

Interested in this work? Contact me for simulation details, model assumptions, or collaboration opportunities.